ABSTRACT
Se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente de 66 años de edad masculino que acude a nuestro hospital (COOSMIL), después de hacer una anamnesis donde el paciente manifiestas molestias como tos, regurgitación y mal alientos (halitosis) y se le hace exámenes complementarios y se llega a un diagnóstico de divertículo faringo-esofágico o Zenker. Esta patología no es muy frecuente, pero se presenta en ancianos por una alteración anatomo-funcional que es un debilitamiento del músculo esofágico Hay tres divertículos esofágicos de los cuales el divertículo de Zenker es el más común aunque es relativamente raro que se presente, en la mayoría de las personas en edad seniles. Después de analizar el tamaño y forma del divertículo de este paciente se toma la decisión de una intervención quirúrgica el más acertado por el tamaño que mide es la diverticulectomia este tratamiento quirúrgico actualmente se continúa realizando en esta patología y con buen pronóstico de vida del paciente. Actualmente, el paciente se encuentra en buen estado salud y su recuperación es favorable desde la operación hasta el momento.
A case of a male patient of 66 years old was referred to our hospital (COSSMIL), after making an anamnesis in which the patient manifested cough, regurgitation and bad breath (halitosis). After further examination a the diagnosis is pharyngo-esophageal diverticulum or Zenker. This condition is rare, but sometimes it happens in elders due to an anatomical and functional alteration caused by is an esophagus muscle weakening. There are three esophageal diverticula in which the Zenker diverticulum is the most common but relatively rarely to occur in elder people. Before analyzing the size and shape of the diverticulum in this patient, the decision is proceed with surgery, the most recommended solution for measuring the size of the diverticulectomy. is The surgical treatment is still being applied in this pathology, with a high probability of success. Currently, the patient is in good health and the recovery from surgery is favorable so far.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , AgedABSTRACT
Introducción. El divertículo de Zenker es una patología poco frecuente, caracterizada por la presencia de disfagia, halitosis, tos y pérdida de peso, que afectan la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y las técnicas han evolucionado de forma permanente. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la mejoría de la disfagia en pacientes a quienes se les realizó la técnica de miotomía endoscópica peroral (Z-POEM). Métodos. Estudio descriptivo de una serie de 23 pacientes con divertículo de Zenker diagnosticado por endoscopia y esofagograma, tratados entre mayo de 2018 y noviembre de 2021 en diferentes instituciones de la ciudad de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, mediante una miotomía endoscópica del cricofaríngeo con la técnica de Z-POEM. Resultados. La mayoría de los pacientes fueron adultos mayores, de sexo masculino. Los síntomas más frecuentes correspondieron a disfagia y regurgitación. El tamaño promedio del divertículo fue de tres centímetros. La estancia hospitalaria fue de un día. Un paciente presentó disfagia postoperatoria en relación con los clips y otro presentó un absceso mediastinal, el cual fue resuelto de manera endoscópica. Actualmente, todos los pacientes se encuentran asintomáticos y no han presentado recurrencia. Conclusiones. El tratamiento endoscópico mínimamente invasivo mediante la miotomía endoscópica peroral (Z-POEM) en el paciente con divertículo de Zenker es una alternativa segura y eficaz, con buenos resultados y poca morbilidad
Introduction. Zenker's diverticulum is a rare pathology characterized by the presence of dysphagia, halitosis, cough, and weight loss, which affect the patients' quality of life. The treatment is surgical and the techniques have evolved permanently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the improvement of dysphagia in patients who underwent peroral endoscopic myotomy technique (Z-POEM). Methods. Descriptive study of a series of 23 patients with Zenker's diverticulum diagnosed by endoscopy and esophagram, treated between May 2018 and November 2021 at different institutions in Bogotá, Colombia, by means of an endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy with the Z-POEM technique. Results. Most of patients were older males. The most frequent symptoms corresponded to dysphagia and regurgitation. The average size of the diverticulum was three centimeters. The hospital stay was one day. One patient presented postoperative dysphagia related to the clips and another presented a mediastinal abscess which was resolved endoscopically. Currently, all patients are asymptomatic and have not presented recurrence. Conclusions. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatment by peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM) in patients with Zenker's diverticulum is a safe and effective alternative, with good results and low morbidity
Subject(s)
Humans , Zenker Diverticulum , Diverticulum, Esophageal , Deglutition Disorders , Esophageal Sphincter, Upper , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery , MyotomyABSTRACT
Introducción: el divertículo de Zenker es un saco que se produce como resultado del aumento de presión a nivel de la pared posterior de la hipofaringe que lleva a la protrusión de mucosa y submucosa a través de los músculos constrictor inferior de la faringe y cricofaríngeo. Discusión: es característico de los pacientes adultos mayores en la séptima y octava década de la vida, con una discreta predilección por el sexo masculino. El síntoma principal es la disfagia y en casos severos episodios de broncoaspiración. Tiene diferentes opciones de tratamiento, entre las que se encuentran el abordaje quirúrgico y endoscópico, siendo esta última la técnica más recomendada dado sus buenos resultados y menores tasas de complicaciones descritas.
Introduction: Zenker Ìs diverticulum is a saccular formation in the posterior wall of the hypopharynx due to increased pressure, leading to mucosal and sub-mucosal herniation between the cricopharyngeus muscle and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Discussion: it is primarily seen in elderly individuals in the seventh and eighth decades of life, with a discrete higher predominance in men. Dysphagia is the main symptom and episodes of pulmonary aspiration may present in severe cases. There are several treatment options, among which is endoscopic surgical approach. The latter constitutes the most recommended technique for it has shown good results and lower complication rates.
Subject(s)
Humans , Deglutition , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Introducción. El divertículo de Zenker es una evaginación sacular ciega que puede presentarse a nivel faringoesofágico. No se conoce exactamente su incidencia en la edad pediátrica, constituyendo una patología muy infrecuente. La sintomatología es inespecífica, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico precoz y determina un mayor riesgo de complicaciones asociadas. Caso clínico. Paciente preescolar femenina con cuadro recurrente de emesis con deshidratación, posteriormente asociado a disfagia, a quien se le diagnosticó un divertículo de Zenker. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico con hallazgo intraoperatorio de dilatación esofágica, un área de estenosis secundaria al hallazgo incidental de un cuerpo extraño y divertículo de Zenker en la región lateral del esófago dilatado. Discusión. Esta patología es extremadamente rara, pero se debe tener en cuenta dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales en pacientes con sintomatología faringo-esofágica. Conclusión. Se presenta una preescolar sin antecedente de procedimientos esofágicos o malformaciones congénitas asociadas con diagnóstico de un divertículo de Zenker y dilatación esofágica por un cuerpo extraño, tratada quirúrgicamente de forma exitosa.
Introduction. Zenker's diverticulum is a blind saccular evagination that can present at the pharyngoesophageal level. Its incidence in pediatric age is not exactly known, constituting a very infrequent pathology. The symptoms are nonspecific, which makes early diagnosis difficult and determines a higher risk of associated complications.Clinical case. Female preschool patient with recurrent dehydration due to emesis, later associated with dysphagia, who was diagnosed with Zenker's diverticulum. Surgical treatment was performed with intraoperative finding of esophageal dilation, an area of stenosis secondary to the incidental finding of a foreign body, and a Zenker's diverticulum in the lateral region of the dilated esophagus. Discussion. This pathology is extremely rare, but it should be taken into account within the differential diagnoses in patients with pharyngo-esophageal symptoms. Conclusion: We present a preschool female patient with no history of esophageal procedures or congenital malformations associated with a diagnosis of Zenker's diverticulum and esophageal dilation due to a foreign body, successfully treated surgically.
Subject(s)
Humans , Foreign-Body Reaction , Zenker Diverticulum , Esophageal Stenosis , Pharynx , Diverticulum , EsophagusABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Zenker's diverticulum is an uncommon pathology of the upper oesophageal sphincter whose most frequent symptoms are the association of dysphagia and regurgitation. It is more frequent in advanced ages, and its treatment of choice is surgery in symptomatic cases. METHOD: A retrospective descriptive study was performed of 27 patients operated in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes between 2007 and 2019 using laser endoscopic surgery. RESULTS: 27 patients were operated, 70.4% male and 29.6% female, with a mean age of 67 years (range between 30 and 91). The most frequent symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia. No intraoperative complications were observed. One patient (3.7%) presented post-surgical fever, and another patient (3.7%) had a serious complication due to oesophageal perforation secondary to postsurgical emesis. The median hospital stay was 5 days, and the median oral intake was 4 days. Recurrence was observed in 6 patients (22.2%), 4 (14.8%) requiring a second intervention, which was performed using the same technique. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of Zenker's diverticulum has advanced in recent decades, with endoscopic treatment currently being the choice. Among the surgical options, endoscopic CO2 laser surgery is an effective and safe alternative, although possible complications must be considered. It is also an effective alternative for the treatment of recurrences.
Subject(s)
Laser Therapy , Lasers, Gas , Zenker Diverticulum , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endoscopy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Zenker Diverticulum/surgeryABSTRACT
Introducción: El divertículo de Zenker es una patología infrecuente del esfínter esofágico superior cuya clínica típica es la asociación de disfagia y regurgitación alimentaria. Es más frecuente en edades avanzadas, y su tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico en casos sintomáticos, existiendo diversas técnicas quirúrgicas.MétodoSe realiza un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 27 pacientes intervenidos en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes entre los años 2007 y 2019 mediante cirugía endoscópica láser.ResultadosSe intervinieron 27 pacientes, un 70,4% varones y un 29,6% mujeres, con una edad media de 67 años (rango entre 30 y 91). El síntoma más frecuente al momento del diagnóstico fue la disfagia. No se observaron complicaciones intraoperatorias. Un paciente (3,7%) presentó fiebre posquirúrgica, y otra paciente (3,7%) una complicación grave por perforación esofágica secundaria a emesis posquirúrgica. La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de 5 días, y la del inicio de ingesta oral fue 4 días. Se observó recidiva en 6 pacientes (22,2%), requiriendo una segunda intervención cuatro de ellos (14,8%), que se realizó mediante la misma técnica.Discusión y conclusionesEl tratamiento quirúrgico del divertículo de Zenker ha avanzado en las últimas décadas, siendo actualmente de elección el tratamiento endoscópico. Dentro de las opciones quirúrgicas, la cirugía endoscópica con láser CO2 es una alternativa eficaz y segura, aunque se deben tener en cuenta las posibles complicaciones, en ocasiones de gravedad. Supone también una alternativa eficaz para el tratamiento de las recidivas. (AU)
Introduction: Zenker's diverticulum is an uncommon pathology of the upper oesophageal sphincter whose most frequent symptoms are the association of dysphagia and regurgitation. It is more frequent in advanced ages, and its treatment of choice is surgery in symptomatic cases.MethodA retrospective descriptive study was performed of 27 patients operated in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes between 2007 and 2019 using laser endoscopic surgery.Results27 patients were operated, 70.4% male and 29.6% female, with a mean age of 67 years (range between 30 and 91). The most frequent symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia. No intraoperative complications were observed. One patient (3.7%) presented post-surgical fever, and another patient (3.7%) had a serious complication due to oesophageal perforation secondary to postsurgical emesis. The median hospital stay was 5 days, and the median oral intake was 4 days. Recurrence was observed in 6 patients (22.2%), 4 (14.8%) requiring a second intervention, which was performed using the same technique.Discussion and conclusionsThe surgical treatment of Zenker's diverticulum has advanced in recent decades, with endoscopic treatment currently being the choice. Among the surgical options, endoscopic CO2 laser surgery is an effective and safe alternative, although possible complications must be considered. It is also an effective alternative for the treatment of recurrences. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Zenker Diverticulum , Esophageal Sphincter, Upper , Laser Therapy , PatientsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Zenker's diverticulum is an uncommon pathology of the upper oesophageal sphincter whose most frequent symptoms are the association of dysphagia and regurgitation. It is more frequent in advanced ages, and its treatment of choice is surgery in symptomatic cases. METHOD: A retrospective descriptive study was performed of 27 patients operated in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes between 2007 and 2019 using laser endoscopic surgery. RESULTS: 27 patients were operated, 70.4% male and 29.6% female, with a mean age of 67 years (range between 30 and 91). The most frequent symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia. No intraoperative complications were observed. One patient (3.7%) presented post-surgical fever, and another patient (3.7%) had a serious complication due to oesophageal perforation secondary to postsurgical emesis. The median hospital stay was 5 days, and the median oral intake was 4 days. Recurrence was observed in 6 patients (22.2%), 4 (14.8%) requiring a second intervention, which was performed using the same technique. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of Zenker's diverticulum has advanced in recent decades, with endoscopic treatment currently being the choice. Among the surgical options, endoscopic CO2 laser surgery is an effective and safe alternative, although possible complications must be considered. It is also an effective alternative for the treatment of recurrences.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: Los divertículos de Zenker son los divertículos más frecuentes del esófago. El tratamiento quirúrgico más utilizado es la diverticulectomía con miotomía del cricofaríngeo abierta. En años recientes se ha propuesto el tratamiento endoscópico. OBJETIVO: Presentar la experiencia en el manejo de esta patología en un hospital de referencia. MÉTODO: Fueron revisados los expedientes de los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por divertículo de Zenker en un periodo de 7 años. Los datos obtenidos incluyeron demográficos, cuadro clínico, abordaje diagnóstico, hallazgos transoperatorios y evolución posoperatoria. RESULTADOS: Fueron intervenidos 10 pacientes durante este periodo, con una edad promedio de 64 años (± 8); siete de ellos eran hombres. Los principales síntomas fueron regurgitación y disfagia, presentes en ocho y siete pacientes, respectivamente. Los estudios diagnósticos incluyeron endoscopia (nueve pacientes), esofagograma (seis pacientes) y manometría esofágica (tres pacientes). El tratamiento utilizado en todos los casos fue diverticulectomía con miotomía del cricofaríngeo. Las complicaciones incluyeron perforación esofágica transoperatoria (un paciente) y fístula esofágica (un paciente). Hubo resolución de los síntomas en nueve pacientes; el paciente restante ameritó nueva miotomía seis meses después, con una adecuada evolución. No hubo ninguna muerte. CONCLUSIONES: La diverticulectomía con miotomía del cricofaríngeo es un tratamiento quirúrgico seguro para los pacientes con divertículo de Zenker. BACKGROUND: Zenker's diverticulum represents the most common diverticulum of the esophagus. The standard surgical treatment consists of open cricopharyngeal myotomy with diverticulectomy. In recent years endoscopic treatment has been proposed. OBJECTIVE: We present the surgical experience of this disease in a referral hospital. METHOD: We reviewed the clinical records of all patients submitted to open surgical treatment for Zenker's diverticulum in a 7-year period. The retrieved information included demographic data, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, surgery findings and postoperative evolution. RESULTS: During this period 10 patients were submitted to open surgical treatment; the mean age was 64 (± 8) years and seven of them were male. The main complaint was regurgitation and dysphagia that was present in eight and seven patients respectively. Diagnostic studies included endoscopy (nine patients), esophagogram (six patients) and esophageal manometry (three patients). All underwent open cricopharyngeal myotomy with diverticulectomy. Complications included intraoperative esophageal perforation (one patient) and postoperative esophageal fistula (one patient). Resolution of the symptomatology occurred in 9 patients, the other patient required a new myotomy six months later with good results. There was no mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Cricopharyngeal myotomy with diverticulectomy is a safe option for patients with Zenker's diverticulum.
Subject(s)
Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: El divertículo de Zenker es una enfermedad rara en la población general. Su tratamiento puede llevarse a cabo mediante un enfoque endoscópico o quirúrgico. OBJETIVO: Reportar la experiencia en el manejo del divertículo de Zenker en un centro de enseñanza de tercer nivel. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo, en el que fueron analizados los expedientes de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de divertículo de Zenker desde la formación de la clínica de tracto digestivo superior del Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 14 casos con diagnóstico de divertículo de Zenker, 10 tratados con técnica transoral y 4 por cirugía abierta. Se presentaron tres recidivas en la técnica transoral y ninguna con la técnica abierta. En cuanto a las complicaciones, hubo una lesión dental con la técnica transoral y una fístula esofágica con cirugía abierta, que fue manejada con sonda nasoyeyunal colocada por endoscopia hasta el cierre espontáneo de la fístula. CONCLUSIÓN: El grapado transoral es una técnica con buenos resultados estéticos, pero en nuestra experiencia presenta mayor recurrencia que la cirugía abierta, por lo que debemos realizar un seguimiento a largo plazo de nuestros pacientes. BACKGROUND: Zenker diverticulum is a rare disease in the general population. Its treatment can be carried out by either an endoscopic or surgical approach. OBJECTIVE: To report the experience in the management of the Zenker diverticulum in a tertiary education center. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study in which the files of all patients with diagnosis of Zenker diverticulum were analyzed from the formation of the upper digestive tract clinic of the General Hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. RESULTS: We found 14 cases with diagnosis of Zenker diverticulum, 10 treated with transoral technique and 4 for open surgery. Three recurrences in the transoral technique, no relapse with open technique. In terms of complications, one dental lesion was presented in the technique transoral, and one esophageal fistula in open surgery, managed with a nasojejunal tube placed by endoscopy until the spontaneous closure of said fistula. CONCLUSIONS: Transoral stapling is a technique with good aesthetic results. However, in our experience, it has a greater recurrence than open surgery, which is why we must carry out a long-term follow-up of our patients.
Subject(s)
Esophagoscopy , Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Hospitals, General , Humans , Mexico , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del manejo endoscópico del DZ con IT-knife 2. Materiales y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico (Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins y la Clínica El Golf). Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con DZ sintomáticos desde setiembre 2013 a agosto 2016, los cuales fueron sometidos a miotomía cricofaringea endoscópica. Técnica: se afrontó el septo del DZ con un cap y luego se seccionó con el IT-Knife 2 (ENDOCUT Q Efecto 3-2-5) hasta su base. Se comparó la escala de disfagia antes y después del procedimiento, al 1er mes y luego de los 3 meses. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 pacientes (11 varones; edad promedio: 71 años). El tamaño promedio del DZ fue de 40,5 mm. El tiempo promedio de la miotomía cricofaringea fue de 13,75 minutos. El éxito clínico fue del 100%, presentando un descenso estadísticamente significativo (p<0,001) en el score de disfagia de 2+/-0,86 pre-tratamiento a 0,05+/-0,22 al primer mes post- tratamiento. La recurrencia clínica a partir del tercer mes fue de 15%, resolviendo por completo con un segundo tratamiento endoscópico. No se presentó ningún caso de perforación ni sangrado. Dos pacientes cursaron con neumonía. Conclusión: El tratamiento endoscópico del DZ mediante el uso del IT-knife 2 es altamente eficaz y seguro, y de menor complejidad que la experiencia previa
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the endoscopic management of Zenker Diverticulum with IT-Knife 2 device. Materials and methods: prospective and multicenter study (Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital and Golf Clinic). We included all patients with sintomatic Zenker Diverticulum that were treated with endoscopic cricopharyngeal miotomy from september 2013 until august 2016. Technique: the diverticulum septum was faced with a cap, and then it was cut by the IT-Knife 2 (ENDOCUT Q, effect 3-2-5) until its baseline. Disphagia score was compared before and 1 and 3 months after the procedure. Results: 20 patients were included (11 men; average age: 71 years). The median size of Zenker Diverticulum was 40.5 mm. The median duration of the cricopharyngeal miotomy was 13.75 minutes. Clinical success was 100%. There was a significative decrease (p<0.001) in the disphagia score from 2+/-0.86 before the procedure to 0.05+/-0.22 one month after it. Recurrence after 3 months was 15% and it was completely solved after a second endoscopic treatment. Niether perforation nor bleeding was reported. Two patients had pneumonia. Conclusion: the endoscopic management of Zenker Diverticulum with IT-Knife 2 is highly effective, safe and less complex than previous technique experience
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophagoscopy/instrumentation , Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Esophagoscopy/methods , Zenker Diverticulum/diagnostic imaging , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: La Diverticulotomía o Septotomía endoscópica en el divertículo de Zenker, es una alternativa a otros abordajes terapéuticos. El presente estudio muestra nuestra experiencia de esta técnica endoscópica. Pacientes y Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo, entre el 2009 y 2017 en pacientes con divertículo de Zenker. La septotomía se realizó utilizando videoendoscopio flexible, esfinterótomo aguja, electrobisturi para DSE tipo Hibridknife, mediante una técnica ya estandarizada. Resultados: Se trataron 25 pacientes con edad promedio de 71 años (rango etario de 45 a 84 años). En una paciente su mejoría fue muy poca, por lo que se sometió a intervención quirúrgica, donde tampoco hubo resultados consistentes. Veintiún pacientes mostraron un alivio completo de la disfagia. Tres pacientes que tuvieron recurrencia sintomática fueron tratados con el mismo método endoscópico entre 2 y 4 sesiones evolucionando de forma satisfactoria. Conclusiones: La septotomía endoscópica del divertículo de Zenker es un método eficaz y seguro, por lo tanto representa una alternativa real a la cirugía.
Introduction: Diverticulotomy or Endoscopic septotomy in Zenker's diverticulum is an alternative to others therapeutics approaches. The present study shows our experience of this endoscopic technique. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis between 2009 and 2017 in patients with Zenker's diverticulum. The procedure was performed using a flexible video endoscope and a needle knife, Erbe hybrid knife probe, using an already standardized technique. Results: Twenty-five patients with an average age of 71 years (age range 45-84 years) were treated. In one patient his improvement was very little, therefore surgical procedure was performed, nevertheless this procedure had not consistent results. Twenty-one patients showed complete relief of dysphagia. Three patients who had symptomatically relapsed were retreated with the same endoscopic method between 2 and 4 sessions with good results. Conclusions: Zenker's endoscopic septotomy of the diverticulum is an effective and safe method; thereby it represents a real alternative to surgical treatment.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic treatment of Zenker diverticulum is considered feasible, effective and safe. The use of the Ligasure™ vessel sealer provides adequate and quick dissection of tissue, achieving effective haemostasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive study of all patients with Zenker diverticulum who were treated by endoscopic diverticulotomy using Ligasure™. The procedure was performed in the endoscopy unit under deep sedation controlled by the endoscopist. Patients were subsequently admitted for observation and, after discharge, were followed-up in the outpatient clinic. RESULTS: Eight patients, 5 women and 3 men, mean age 78±15 years, 25% ASA I, 36% ASA II, 14% ASA III and 25% ASA IV. Main symptom: dysphagia. Diverticula size: 1-7cm. Technical success: 100%. COMPLICATIONS: one patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Average stay: 24h. Seven patients: asymptomatic; one patient with partial improvement, requiring repeat endoscopic intervention. Surgery and morbidity and mortality: 0%. CONCLUSION: The treatment of Zenker diverticulum by endoscopic diverticulotomy using the Ligasure™ vessel sealer is highly effective, fast and safe, and could be considered the treatment of choice.
Subject(s)
Electrosurgery , Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Aged , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
El divertículo de Zenker es un saco que protruye a través de los músculos constrictor inferior de la faringe y cricofaríngeo (triángulo de Killian); es una alteración que ocasiona disfagia como síntoma principal y se puede manejar con el endoscopio flexible con buenos resultados. Objetivo. Describir la experiencia preliminar en el manejo endoscópico del divertículo de Zenker en el Hospital de San José. Métodos. Se trata de una serie de casos llevada a cabo desde diciembre de 2014 hasta abril de 2016 en el Hospital de San José, en la cual se utilizó el endoscopio flexible para la diverticulotomía en pacientes ambulatorios. Resultados. Se intervinieron seis pacientes, en los cuales se llevaron a cabo nueve procedimientos. El diagnóstico se hizo mediante esofagogastroduodenoscopia y esofagograma. La edad promedio fue de 65 años y cuatro pacientes eran hombres. En todos se practicó el procedimiento bajo anestesia general, usando endoscopio flexible, sonda orogástrica y capuchón. No se usaron antibióticos profilácticos y todos los pacientes se atendieron en forma ambulatora. Conclusión. La diverticulotomía endoscópica con equipo de endoscopia flexible es una técnica que ha sido adoptada por los gastroenterólogos intervencionistas debido a su seguridad y buenos resultados. Por lo anterior, esta técnica se debe tener en cuenta en los pacientes con esta enfermedad
Zenker's diverticulum is a sac that protrudes through the inferior constrictor muscles of the pharynx and cricopharyngeus (Killian triangle), a condition that causes dysphagia as the main symptom and can be managed by flexible endoscopy with good results. Objective: To describe the preliminary experience in the endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticulum at Hospital San José, Bogotá, Colombia. Methods: This is a case series conducted from December 2014 to April 2016 utilizing the flexible endoscope for divericulectomy as an outpatient procedure. Results: Nine procedures were performed in six patients. Diagnosis was made by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and barium swallow. Average age was 65 years, and four patients were men. All the procedure were carried out under general anesthesia using flexible endoscope, orogastric tube and cap. We do not use prophylactic antibiotics and all were outpatients. Conclusion: Endoscopic equipment diverticulectomy with flexible endoscopy is a technique that has been adopted by the interventional gastroenterologists because of its safety and good results. Therefore, this technique should be considered in patients with this pathology
Subject(s)
Humans , Zenker Diverticulum , Diverticulum, Esophageal , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Endoscopy, GastrointestinalABSTRACT
Background: The occurrence of the pharyngoesophageal, or Zenker diverticulum is not frequent in the national scenario, and the technique of the diverticulectomy with cricomyotomy in medium and great dimension diverticula is still the most indicated. Because the resection of the diverticulum requires the suture of the pharynx, dehiscence can occur, thereafter delaying swallowing. Hence, the idea is to accomplish this surgical procedure, comparing the manual and mechanical suture, in order to evaluate the real benefit of the mechanical technique. Aim: To evaluate the results of the pharyngoesophageal diverticulectomy with cricomyotomy using manual and mechanical suture with regard to local and systemic complications. Method: Fifty-seven patients with pharyngoesophageal diverticula diagnosed through high digestive endoscopy and pharyngeal esophagogram were studied. The applied surgical technique was diverticulectomy with myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle, done in 24 patients (42.2%) the mechanical suture (group A) with the mechanical linear suture device and in 33 (57.8%) a manual closure of the pharynx (group B). Results: In the postoperative period, one patient of group A (4.1%) presented fistula caused by dehiscence of the pharyngeal suture, and three of group B (15.1%) presented the same complication, with a good outcome using a conservative treatment. In the same group, three patients (9.0%) presented stenosis of the suture of the pharynx, with good outcome and with endoscopic dilatations, and no patient from group A presented such complication. Lung infection was present in five patients, being two (8.3%) of group A and three (9.0%) on B, having good outcomes after specific treatment. In the late review, done with 43 patients (94.4%) of group A and 22 (88.0%) on B, the patients declared to be pleased with the surgical procedure, because they were able to regain normal swallowing. Conclusion: The diverticulectomy with myotomy and pharyngeal closure using mechanical suture was proven appropriate, for having restored regular swallowing in most of the patients, and the mechanical closure of the pharynx proved to be more effective in comparison to the manual one, because it provided a lower index of local post-surgical complications.
Racional: A ocorrência do divertículo faringoesofágico, ou de Zenker, é pouco frequente no cenário nacional, sendo que a técnica da diverticulectomia com cricomiotomia em divertículos de média e grandes dimensões ainda é a mais indicada. Devido à ressecção do divertículo necessitar de sutura da faringe ocorre possibilidade de deiscência, o que retarda o retorno da deglutição. Daí a ideia de realizar este procedimento cirúrgico, comparando a sutura manual com a mecânica, para avaliar o real benefício da técnica mecânica. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados da diverticulectomia faringoesofágica com cricomiotomia utilizando à sutura manual e mecânica em relação às complicações locais e sistêmicas. Métodos: Foram estudados 57 pacientes com divertículos faringoesofágicos diagnosticados através da endoscopia digestiva alta e faringoesofagograma. A técnica cirúrgica empreendida foi a diverticulectomia com miotomia do músculo cricofaríngeo, sendo a sutura mecânica realizada em 24 pacientes (42,2%, grupo A) com o aparelho linear e em 33 (57,8%, grupo B) a manual para o fechamento da faringe. Resultados: Na avaliação do pós-operatório precoce, um paciente do grupo A (4,1%) apresentou fístula consequente à deiscência da sutura da faringe e três do grupo B (15,1%) ambos com boa evolução com tratamento conservador. Neste mesmo grupo, três pacientes (9,0%) apresentaram estenose da sutura da faringe, com boa evolução com dilatações endoscópicas sendo que nenhum do grupo A apresentou esta complicação. A infecção pulmonar esteve presente em cinco pacientes, dois (8,3%) do grupo A e três (9,0%) do grupo B, com boa evolução com tratamento específico. Na avaliação tardia, realizada em 43 pacientes, 17(94,4%) do grupo A e 22 (88,0%) do grupo B, os pacientes referiram estarem satisfeitos com o procedimento cirúrgico, pois conseguiram resgatar a deglutição normal. Conclusões: A diverticulectomia com a miotomia do cricofaríngeo demonstrou ser procedimento cirúrgico ...
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Suture Techniques , Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Pharyngeal Muscles/surgeryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Zenker's diverticulum is a protrusion of the pharyngeal mucosa through a weak area of the posterior wall. It is a rare disorder with an incidence in Mexico of ~0.04% of the population. Its pathophysiology is not yet completely understood. Treatment is surgical and is performed in case of complications. Clinic case: We present the case of a 67 year-old male patient without comorbidities. Symptoms appeared 15 months prior to admission with occasional dysphagia to solids and liquids, breathing difficulty at night, drooling, halitosis, 3 kg weight loss in 2 months, and adequate appetite. Diagnosis of Zenker's diverticulum was established by imaging method and endoscopy. A diverticulectomy with cricopharyngeal muscle myotomy was successfully performed. Liquid diet was started the third postoperative day and progressed without complications; the patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day without complications. Follow-up at 1 year was successful without recurrence. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive procedures are useful in patients with comorbidities and for the short anesthesia time and hospitalization. Referring to our field of work, the open treatment is best to relieve symptoms rather than endoscopic procedures because the training for advanced endoscopic procedures is a problem due to lack of infrastructure and specialized personnel.
Antecedentes: los divertículos de Zenker son protrusiones de la mucosa faríngea a través de una zona débil de su pared posterior. Es un padecimiento raro, con una incidencia en México de aproximadamente 0.04% de la población. El tratamiento indicado es quirúrgico. Caso clínico: paciente masculino de 67 años de edad, que 15 meses antes del diagnóstico experimentó síntomas de: disfagia a sólidos y ocasionalmente a líquidos, ahogo por las noches, sialorrea, halitosis, pérdida de 3 kg en dos meses y aumento del apetito. El diagnóstico se confirmó a través de métodos de imagen y endoscopia. Se realizó exitosamente una diverticulectomía con miotomía de músculo cricofaríngeo. Al tercer día de operado pudo ingerir líquidos sin complicaciones, y fue dado de alta al sexto día. Un año después no había mostrado recurrencias. Conclusión: los procedimientos de invasión mínima son útiles en pacientes con comorbilidades porque requieren corto tiempo de anestesia y de hospitalización. En este medio, el tratamiento abierto es la mejor técnica para su resolución, ya que la capacitación para efectuar procedimientos endoscópicos representa un problema por la falta de infraestructura y personal especializado.
Subject(s)
Zenker Diverticulum/surgery , Aged , Esophagoscopy , Humans , Male , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
O Divertículo de Zenker (DZ) é o mais comum dos divertículos do esôfago. Consiste numa desordem rara caracterizada pela protrusão da hipofaringe posterior numa região de fragilidade anatômica. É uma doença do idoso, do sexo masculino que tem, como principal sintoma, a disfagia e possui tratamento essencialmente cirúrgico. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar quatro casos clínicos de divertículo de Zenker com enfoque para o tratamento endoscópico dessa afecção, demonstrando as principais vantagens desse procedimento em relação às técnicas de cirurgia aberta.
Zenkers diverticulum is the most common esophageal diverticula. It is a rare disorder characterized by the protrusion of the posterior hypopharynx in an anatomic weak region. It is a male, elderly disease whose main symptom is dysphagia and it has surgical treatment essentialy. The aim of this study is to report four clinical cases of Zenkers diverticulum focusing on endoscopic management of this problem, showing the main advantages of this procedure compared to open surgery techniques.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Zenker Diverticulum , Endoscopy , Deglutition DisordersABSTRACT
An 81-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of dysphagia which she had suffered for four years. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a Zenker's diverticulum and extrinsic compression of the esophagus. A thoracic CT scan confirmed the presence of extrinsic compression caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery, which compromised the posterior esophageal wall thus confirming a diagnosis of dysphagia lusoria. An association between Zenker's diverticulum and dysphagia lusoria is so uncommon that there have been no previously published cases.
Una mujer de 81 años fue remitida para evaluación de una disfagia que padecía desde hacía cuatro años. Una endoscopia gastrointestinal reveló un divertículo de Zenker y una compresión extrínseca del esófago. Un escaneo computadorizado del tórax confirmó la presencia de la comprensión extrínseca, causada por una arteria subclavia derecha aberrada, que comprometía la pared esofágica posterior, lo que confirmó un diagnóstico de disfagia lusoria. Una asociación entre el divertículo de Zenker y la disfagia lusoria es tan poco común que no han sido publicados sus casos con anterioridad.
